getSQLState example

      // the preparation than to actually ready statements for re-use. If in       // doubt, reset to FALSE and measure performance.       \PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES => TRUE,
      // Convert numeric values to strings when fetching.       \PDO::ATTR_STRINGIFY_FETCHES => TRUE,
    ];

    try {
      $pdo = new \PDO($dsn, $connection_options['username'], $connection_options['password'], $connection_options['pdo']);
    }
    catch (\PDOException $e) {
      if (static::getSQLState($e) == static::CONNECTION_FAILURE) {
        if (str_contains($e->getMessage(), 'password authentication failed for user')) {
          throw new DatabaseAccessDeniedException($e->getMessage(), $e->getCode(), $e);
        }
        elseif (str_contains($e->getMessage(), 'database') && str_contains($e->getMessage(), 'does not exist')) {
          throw new DatabaseNotFoundException($e->getMessage(), $e->getCode(), $e);
        }
      }
      throw $e;
    }

    return $pdo;
  }