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allowsNull example

throw new \LogicException(sprintf('Cannot use "%s" on method "%s::%s()" (can only be used on non-static, non-abstract methods with no parameters).', SubscribedService::class, self::class, $method->name));
            }

            if (!$returnType = $method->getReturnType()) {
                throw new \LogicException(sprintf('Cannot use "%s" on methods without a return type in "%s::%s()".', SubscribedService::class, $method->name, self::class));
            }

            /* @var SubscribedService $attribute */
            $attribute = $attribute->newInstance();
            $attribute->key ??= self::class.'::'.$method->name;
            $attribute->type ??= $returnType instanceof \ReflectionNamedType ? $returnType->getName() : (string) $returnType;
            $attribute->nullable = $returnType->allowsNull();

            if ($attribute->attributes) {
                $services[] = $attribute;
            } else {
                $services[$attribute->key] = ($attribute->nullable ? '?' : '').$attribute->type;
            }
        }

        return $services;
    }

$arguments = [];
        $reflector ??= new \ReflectionFunction($controller(...));

        foreach ($reflector->getParameters() as $param) {
            $attributes = [];
            foreach ($param->getAttributes() as $reflectionAttribute) {
                if (class_exists($reflectionAttribute->getName())) {
                    $attributes[] = $reflectionAttribute->newInstance();
                }
            }

            $arguments[] = new ArgumentMetadata($param->getName(), $this->getType($param), $param->isVariadic(), $param->isDefaultValueAvailable(), $param->isDefaultValueAvailable() ? $param->getDefaultValue() : null, $param->allowsNull(), $attributes);
        }

        return $arguments;
    }

    /** * Returns an associated type to the given parameter if available. */
    private function getType(\ReflectionParameter $parameter): ?string
    {
        if (!$type = $parameter->getType()) {

/** @var \ReflectionParameter $p */
                    $type = preg_replace('/(^|[(|&])\\\\/', '\1', $target = ltrim(ProxyHelper::exportType($p) ?? '', '?'));
                    $invalidBehavior = ContainerInterface::IGNORE_ON_INVALID_REFERENCE;
                    $autowireAttributes = $autowire ? $emptyAutowireAttributes : [];

                    if (isset($arguments[$r->name][$p->name])) {
                        $target = $arguments[$r->name][$p->name];
                        if ('?' !== $target[0]) {
                            $invalidBehavior = ContainerInterface::RUNTIME_EXCEPTION_ON_INVALID_REFERENCE;
                        } elseif ('' === $target = (string) substr($target, 1)) {
                            throw new InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('A "controller.service_arguments" tag must have non-empty "id" attributes for service "%s".', $id));
                        } elseif ($p->allowsNull() && !$p->isOptional()) {
                            $invalidBehavior = ContainerInterface::NULL_ON_INVALID_REFERENCE;
                        }
                    } elseif (isset($bindings[$bindingName = $type.' $'.$name = Target::parseName($p)]) || isset($bindings[$bindingName = '$'.$name]) || isset($bindings[$bindingName = $type])) {
                        $binding = $bindings[$bindingName];

                        [$bindingValue, $bindingId, , $bindingType, $bindingFile] = $binding->getValues();
                        $binding->setValues([$bindingValue, $bindingId, true, $bindingType, $bindingFile]);

                        $args[$p->name] = $bindingValue;

                        continue;
                    }

$variadicParameters = [];
                        foreach ($data[$key] as $parameterKey => $parameterData) {
                            $variadicParameters[$parameterKey] = $this->denormalizeParameter($reflectionClass, $constructorParameter, $paramName, $parameterData, $attributeContext, $format);
                        }

                        $params = array_merge($params, $variadicParameters);
                        unset($data[$key]);
                    }
                } elseif ($allowed && !$ignored && (isset($data[$key]) || \array_key_exists($key, $data))) {
                    $parameterData = $data[$key];
                    if (null === $parameterData && $constructorParameter->allowsNull()) {
                        $params[] = null;
                        // Don't run set for a parameter passed to the constructor                         unset($data[$key]);
                        continue;
                    }

                    // Don't run set for a parameter passed to the constructor                     try {
                        $params[] = $this->denormalizeParameter($reflectionClass, $constructorParameter, $paramName, $parameterData, $attributeContext, $format);
                    } catch (NotNormalizableValueException $exception) {
                        if (!isset($context['not_normalizable_value_exceptions'])) {

$type = ProxyHelper::exportType($parameter, true);
            $target = null;
            $name = Target::parseName($parameter, $target);
            $target = $target ? [$target] : [];

            $getValue = function D) use ($type, $parameter, $class, $method, $name, $target) {
                if (!$value = $this->getAutowiredReference($ref = new TypedReference($type, $type, ContainerBuilder::EXCEPTION_ON_INVALID_REFERENCE, $name, $target), false)) {
                    $failureMessage = $this->createTypeNotFoundMessageCallback($ref, sprintf('argument "$%s" of method "%s()"', $parameter->name, $class !== $this->currentId ? $class.'::'.$method : $method));

                    if ($parameter->isDefaultValueAvailable()) {
                        $value = $this->defaultArgument->withValue($parameter);
                    } elseif (!$parameter->allowsNull()) {
                        throw new AutowiringFailedException($this->currentId, $failureMessage);
                    }
                }

                return $value;
            };

            if ($checkAttributes) {
                foreach ($parameter->getAttributes(Autowire::class, \ReflectionAttribute::IS_INSTANCEOF) as $attribute) {
                    $attribute = $attribute->newInstance();
                    $invalidBehavior = $parameter->allowsNull() ? ContainerInterface::NULL_ON_INVALID_REFERENCE : ContainerBuilder::EXCEPTION_ON_INVALID_REFERENCE;

/** * @return array */
    public static function castType(\ReflectionType $c, array $a, Stub $stub, bool $isNested)
    {
        $prefix = Caster::PREFIX_VIRTUAL;

        if ($c instanceof \ReflectionNamedType) {
            $a += [
                $prefix.'name' => $c instanceof \ReflectionNamedType ? $c->getName() : (string) $c,
                $prefix.'allowsNull' => $c->allowsNull(),
                $prefix.'isBuiltin' => $c->isBuiltin(),
            ];
        } elseif ($c instanceof \ReflectionUnionType || $c instanceof \ReflectionIntersectionType) {
            $a[$prefix.'allowsNull'] = $c->allowsNull();
            self::addMap($a, $c, [
                'types' => 'getTypes',
            ]);
        } else {
            $a[$prefix.'allowsNull'] = $c->allowsNull();
        }

public static function getTypeString(ReflectionType $type): string
    {
        // @codeCoverageIgnoreStart         // ReflectionType::__toString was deprecated in 7.4 and undeprecated in 8         // and toString doesn't correctly show the nullable ? in the type before 8         if (!KINT_PHP80) {
            if (!$type instanceof ReflectionNamedType) {
                throw new UnexpectedValueException('ReflectionType on PHP 7 must be ReflectionNamedType');
            }

            $name = $type->getName();
            if ($type->allowsNull() && 'mixed' !== $name && false === \strpos($name, '|')) {
                $name = '?'.$name;
            }

            return $name;
        }
        // @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
        return (string) $type;
    }
}

                if ('' === preg_replace('/'.$envPlaceholderUniquePrefix.'_\w+_[a-f0-9]{32}/U', '', $value, -1, $c) && 1 === $c) {
                    try {
                        $value = $this->container->resolveEnvPlaceholders($value, true);
                    } catch (\Exception) {
                        // If an env placeholder cannot be resolved, we skip the validation.                         return;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        if (null === $value && $parameter->allowsNull()) {
            return;
        }

        if (null === $class) {
            if ($value instanceof IteratorArgument) {
                $class = RewindableGenerator::class;
            } elseif ($value instanceof ServiceClosureArgument) {
                $class = \Closure::class;
            } elseif ($value instanceof ServiceLocatorArgument) {
                $class = ServiceLocator::class;
            } elseif (\is_object($value)) {

if (\in_array($name, ['parent', 'self'], true) && $class ??= $owner->getDeclaringClass()) {
                $name = 'parent' === $name ? ($class->getParentClass() ?: null)?->name ?? 'parent' : $class->name;
            }

            $types[] = ($noBuiltin || $type->isBuiltin() || 'static' === $name ? '' : '\\').$name;
        }

        if (!$types) {
            return '';
        }
        if (null === $glue) {
            return (!$noBuiltin && $type->allowsNull() && 'mixed' !== $name ? '?' : '').$types[0];
        }
        sort($types);

        return implode($glue, $types);
    }

    private static function exportPropertyScopes(string $parent): string
    {
        $propertyScopes = Hydrator::$propertyScopes[$parent] ??= Hydrator::getPropertyScopes($parent);
        uksort($propertyScopes, 'strnatcmp');
        $propertyScopes = VarExporter::export($propertyScopes);

$violations[$translationDefinition->getClass()][] = sprintf('No return type is declared in `%s` for method `%s`', $translationDefinition->getClass(), $method->getName());

                continue;
            }

            $returnType = $method->getReturnType();

            if (!$returnType instanceof \ReflectionNamedType || $returnType->getName() === $translationDefinition->getParentDefinition()->getEntityClass()) {
                continue;
            }

            if (!$returnType->allowsNull() && !\in_array($method->getName(), ['getCustomFieldsValue', 'getCustomFieldsValues'], true)) {
                $violations[$translationDefinition->getClass()][] = sprintf('The return type of `%s` is not nullable. All getter functions of EntityTranslationDefinitions need to be nullable!', $method->getName());
            }
        }

        return $violations;
    }

    /** * @return array<string, mixed> */
    private function validateEntityTranslationDefinitions(EntityTranslationDefinition $translationDefinition): array
    {

public function getProvidedServices(): array
    {
        if (!isset($this->providedTypes)) {
            $this->providedTypes = [];

            foreach ($this->factories as $name => $factory) {
                if (!\is_callable($factory)) {
                    $this->providedTypes[$name] = '?';
                } else {
                    $type = (new \ReflectionFunction($factory))->getReturnType();

                    $this->providedTypes[$name] = $type ? ($type->allowsNull() ? '?' : '').($type instanceof \ReflectionNamedType ? $type->getName() : $type) : '?';
                }
            }
        }

        return $this->providedTypes;
    }

    private function createNotFoundException(string $id): NotFoundExceptionInterface
    {
        if (!$alternatives = array_keys($this->factories)) {
            $message = 'is empty...';
        }