mb_convert_case - PHP code example

Using the PHP Function mb_Convert_Case()

PHP has a huge range of built-in string-handling functions. There are strtolower() and strtoupper() for converting whole strings; lcfirst() and ucwords() for converting just the first letter of a string, and for converting words to upper case; and the mb_convert_case function for performing multibyte string conversion.

These functions are used when a developer needs to convert the case of a string. For instance, they are often used when performing a comparison between two string values, to ensure that the case of each value is consistent across different encodings. In PHP 7.3, the mb_convert_case() function improved its handling of case-insensitive operations by using case folding instead. This improves the efficiency of the function, and allows it to be used on multibyte string conversions without needing to specify an encoding.

The mb_convert_case() is called with the following parameters:

$string: The string to convert to the specified mode.

$encoding: The character encoding of the string. If this is omitted, the internal encoding will be used.

$mode: The string mode that the string is to be converted into.

mb_convert_case example

$path = $metadata_info['path'];
    // Make the absolute path, relative to the Drupal root.     $app_root = rtrim($app_root, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
    if (str_starts_with($path, $app_root)) {
      $path = substr($path, strlen($app_root));
    }
    $this->mandatorySchemas = $enforce_schemas;
    $this->path = $path;

    [, $machine_name] = explode(':', $metadata_info['id'] ?? []);
    $this->machineName = $machine_name;
    $this->name = $metadata_info['name'] ?? mb_convert_case($machine_name, MB_CASE_TITLE);
    $this->description = $metadata_info['description'] ?? $this->t('- Description not available -');
    $this->status = ExtensionLifecycle::isValid($metadata_info['status'] ?? '')
      ? $metadata_info['status']
      : ExtensionLifecycle::STABLE;
    $this->documentation = $metadata_info['documentation'] ?? '';

    $this->group = $metadata_info['group'] ?? $this->t('All Components');

    // Save the schemas.     $this->parseSchemaInfo($metadata_info);
    $this->slots = $metadata_info['slots'] ?? [];
  }

function smarty_modifier_capitalize($string, $uc_digits = false, $lc_rest = false)
{
    if (Smarty::$_MBSTRING) {
        if ($lc_rest) {
            // uppercase (including hyphenated words)             $upper_string = mb_convert_case( $string, MB_CASE_TITLE, Smarty::$_CHARSET );
        } else {
            // uppercase word breaks             $upper_string = preg_replace("!(^|[^\p{L}'])([\p{Ll}])!eS" . Smarty::$_UTF8_MODIFIER, "stripslashes('\\1').mb_convert_case(stripslashes('\\2'),MB_CASE_UPPER, '" . addslashes(Smarty::$_CHARSET) . "')", $string);
        }
        // check uc_digits case         if (!$uc_digits) {
            if (preg_match_all("!\b([\p{L}]*[\p{N}]+[\p{L}]*)\b!" . Smarty::$_UTF8_MODIFIER, $string, $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE)) {
                foreach($matches[1] as $match) {
                    $upper_string = substr_replace($upper_string, mb_strtolower($match[0], Smarty::$_CHARSET), $match[1], strlen($match[0]));
                }
            }
        }

if (!function_exists('mb_encode_mimeheader')) {
    function mb_encode_mimeheader($string, $charset = null, $transfer_encoding = null, $newline = "\r\n", $indent = 0) { return p\Mbstring::mb_encode_mimeheader($string, $charset, $transfer_encoding, $newline, $indent); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_decode_numericentity')) {
    function mb_decode_numericentity($string, $map, $encoding = null) { return p\Mbstring::mb_decode_numericentity($string, $map, $encoding); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_encode_numericentity')) {
    function mb_encode_numericentity($string, $map, $encoding = null, $hex = false) { return p\Mbstring::mb_encode_numericentity($string, $map, $encoding, $hex); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_convert_case')) {
    function mb_convert_case($string, $mode, $encoding = null) { return p\Mbstring::mb_convert_case($string, $mode, $encoding); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_internal_encoding')) {
    function mb_internal_encoding($encoding = null) { return p\Mbstring::mb_internal_encoding($encoding); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_language')) {
    function mb_language($language = null) { return p\Mbstring::mb_language($language); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_list_encodings')) {
    function mb_list_encodings() { return p\Mbstring::mb_list_encodings(); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_encoding_aliases')) {

$str->string .= $s;

        return $str;
    }

    public function camel(): static
    {
        $str = clone $this;
        $str->string = str_replace(' ', '', preg_replace_callback('/\b.(?![A-Z]{2,})/u', static function D$m) {
            static $i = 0;

            return 1 === ++$i ? ('İ' === $m[0] ? 'i̇' : mb_strtolower($m[0], 'UTF-8')) : mb_convert_case($m[0], \MB_CASE_TITLE, 'UTF-8');
        }, preg_replace('/[^\pL0-9]++/u', ' ', $this->string)));

        return $str;
    }

    /** * @return int[] */
    public function codePointsAt(int $offset): array
    {
        $str = $this->slice($offset, 1);

/** * Returns a titlecased string. * * @param string|null $string A string * * @return string The titlecased string */
function twig_title_string_filter(Environment $env, $string)
{
    if (null !== $charset = $env->getCharset()) {
        return mb_convert_case($string ?? '', \MB_CASE_TITLE, $charset);
    }

    return ucwords(strtolower($string ?? ''));
}

/** * Returns a capitalized string. * * @param string|null $string A string * * @return string The capitalized string */

// As UTF-8 is self-synchronizing, and we have ensured the strings are valid UTF-8,         // we can use normal binary string functions here. For case-insensitive searches,         // case fold the strings first.         $caseInsensitive = $mode & 1;
        $reverse = $mode & 2;
        if ($caseInsensitive) {
            // Use the same case folding mode as mbstring does for mb_stripos().             // Stick to SIMPLE case folding to avoid changing the length of the string, which             // might result in offsets being shifted.             $mode = \defined('MB_CASE_FOLD_SIMPLE') ? \MB_CASE_FOLD_SIMPLE : \MB_CASE_LOWER;
            $s = mb_convert_case($s, $mode, 'UTF-8');
            $needle = mb_convert_case($needle, $mode, 'UTF-8');

            if (!\defined('MB_CASE_FOLD_SIMPLE')) {
                $s = str_replace(self::CASE_FOLD[0], self::CASE_FOLD[1], $s);
                $needle = str_replace(self::CASE_FOLD[0], self::CASE_FOLD[1], $needle);
            }
        }
        if ($reverse) {
            $needlePos = strrpos($s, $needle);
        } else {
            $needlePos = strpos($s, $needle);
        }

$length = mb_strlen($string, $encoding);

        for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i += $split_length) {
            $result[] = mb_substr($string, $i, $split_length, $encoding);
        }

        return $result;
    }

    public static function mb_strtolower($s, $encoding = null)
    {
        return self::mb_convert_case($s, \MB_CASE_LOWER, $encoding);
    }

    public static function mb_strtoupper($s, $encoding = null)
    {
        return self::mb_convert_case($s, \MB_CASE_UPPER, $encoding);
    }

    public static function mb_substitute_character($c = null)
    {
        if (null === $c) {
            return 'none';
        }

if (!function_exists('mb_encode_mimeheader')) {
    function mb_encode_mimeheader(?string $string, ?string $charset = null, ?string $transfer_encoding = null, ?string $newline = "\r\n", ?int $indent = 0): string { return p\Mbstring::mb_encode_mimeheader((string) $string, $charset, $transfer_encoding, (string) $newline, (int) $indent); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_decode_numericentity')) {
    function mb_decode_numericentity(?string $string, array $map, ?string $encoding = null): string { return p\Mbstring::mb_decode_numericentity((string) $string, $map, $encoding); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_encode_numericentity')) {
    function mb_encode_numericentity(?string $string, array $map, ?string $encoding = null, ?bool $hex = false): string { return p\Mbstring::mb_encode_numericentity((string) $string, $map, $encoding, (bool) $hex); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_convert_case')) {
    function mb_convert_case(?string $string, ?int $mode, ?string $encoding = null): string { return p\Mbstring::mb_convert_case((string) $string, (int) $mode, $encoding); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_internal_encoding')) {
    function mb_internal_encoding(?string $encoding = null): string|bool { return p\Mbstring::mb_internal_encoding($encoding); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_language')) {
    function mb_language(?string $language = null): string|bool { return p\Mbstring::mb_language($language); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_list_encodings')) {
    function mb_list_encodings(): array { return p\Mbstring::mb_list_encodings(); }
}
if (!function_exists('mb_encoding_aliases')) {