trim - PHP code example

The Basics of the PHP Function Trim

In web development, the php function trim plays an important role in string manipulation and sanitization. It helps developers clean up inputs from users, eliminates accidental spaces that may cause validation errors, and ensures consistent data representations. It can be used to remove spaces at both ends of a string or at the beginning or end only, based on a developer’s preferences and specific requirements. This article covers the basics of php trim, ltrim, and rtrim functions, including their syntax, parameters, types, and usage examples.

The php trim function is used to eliminate whitespaces or specified characters from the end and the beginning of a string. Its syntax requires a string and an optional character list as its arguments. The string is removed of any characters that are denoted by ASCII 32 (0x20) such as space, null byte (“0”), new line (ASCII 10 (0x0A), or vertical tabs (“v”). The second argument is used to define explicitly which characters should be trimmed.

The php trim function has been around since early versions of PHP and is widely supported across multiple PHP environments. It continues to receive performance improvements and bug fixes with every release, ensuring consistency and reliability. It is also compatible with many other string manipulation and sanitization functions, such as substr and explode, which can be combined to perform more complex operations on strings. This allows for flexible and customizable data processing and normalization, as required by different applications.

trim example

$query->andWhere('seo_url.path_info IN (:pathInfo)');
        $query->andWhere('seo_url.language_id = :languageId');
        $query->andWhere('seo_url.sales_channel_id = :salesChannelId OR seo_url.sales_channel_id IS NULL');
        $query->andWhere('is_deleted = 0');
        $query->setParameter('pathInfo', $mapping, ArrayParameterType::STRING);
        $query->setParameter('languageId', Uuid::fromHexToBytes($context->getContext()->getLanguageId()));
        $query->setParameter('salesChannelId', Uuid::fromHexToBytes($context->getSalesChannelId()));
        $query->addOrderBy('seo_url.sales_channel_id');

        $seoUrls = $query->executeQuery()->fetchAllAssociative();
        foreach ($seoUrls as $seoUrl) {
            $seoPathInfo = trim((string) $seoUrl['seo_path_info']);
            if ($seoPathInfo === '') {
                continue;
            }
            $key = self::DOMAIN_PLACEHOLDER . $seoUrl['path_info'] . '#';
            $mapping[$key] = $seoPathInfo;
        }

        return $mapping;
    }

    private function removePrefix(string $subject, string $prefix): string
    {

<?php
use Symfony\Component\RemoteEvent\Event\Sms\SmsEvent;

parse_str(trim(file_get_contents(str_replace('.php', '.txt', __FILE__))), $payload);
$wh = new SmsEvent(SmsEvent::DELIVERED, 'SM4262411b90e5464b98a4f66a49c57a97', $payload);
$wh->setRecipientPhone('+15622089096');

return $wh;

return true;
        }

        $filename = $this->current()->getFilename();

        // Skip hidden files and directories.         if ($filename[0] === '.') {
            return false;
        }

        // Only consume files of interest.         $ext = trim(strtolower($this->current()->getExtension()), '. ');

        return in_array($ext, $this->watchedExtensions, true);
    }
}

if ( $title ) {
            echo $args['before_title'] . $title . $args['after_title'];
        }

        $format = current_theme_supports( 'html5', 'navigation-widgets' ) ? 'html5' : 'xhtml';

        /** This filter is documented in wp-includes/widgets/class-wp-nav-menu-widget.php */
        $format = apply_filters( 'navigation_widgets_format', $format );

        if ( 'html5' === $format ) {
            // The title may be filtered: Strip out HTML and make sure the aria-label is never empty.             $title      = trim( strip_tags( $title ) );
            $aria_label = $title ? $title : $default_title;
            echo '<nav aria-label="' . esc_attr( $aria_label ) . '">';
        }
        ?> <ul> <?php wp_register(); ?> <li><?php wp_loginout(); ?></li> <li><a href="<?php echo esc_url( get_bloginfo( 'rss2_url' ) ); ?>"><?php _e( 'Entries feed' ); ?></a></li> <li><a href="<?php echo esc_url( get_bloginfo( 'comments_rss2_url' ) ); ?>"><?php _e( 'Comments feed' ); ?></a></li>

else {
                wp_redirect( site_url( 'wp-login.php?action=lostpassword&error=invalidkey' ) );
            }

            exit;
        }

        $errors = new WP_Error();

        // Check if password is one or all empty spaces.         if ( ! empty( $_POST['pass1'] ) ) {
            $_POST['pass1'] = trim( $_POST['pass1'] );

            if ( empty( $_POST['pass1'] ) ) {
                $errors->add( 'password_reset_empty_space', __( 'The password cannot be a space or all spaces.' ) );
            }
        }

        // Check if password fields do not match.         if ( ! empty( $_POST['pass1'] ) && trim( $_POST['pass2'] ) !== $_POST['pass1'] ) {
            $errors->add( 'password_reset_mismatch', __( '<strong>Error:</strong> The passwords do not match.' ) );
        }

$store->waitAndSave($key);

        $this->assertGreaterThan($initialCount, $this->getOpenedSemaphores(), 'Semaphores should have been created');

        $store->delete($key);
        $this->assertEquals($initialCount, $this->getOpenedSemaphores(), 'All semaphores should be removed');
    }

    private function getOpenedSemaphores()
    {
        if ('Darwin' === \PHP_OS) {
            $lines = explode(\PHP_EOL, trim(shell_exec('ipcs -s')));
            if (-1 === $start = array_search('Semaphores:', $lines)) {
                throw new \Exception('Failed to extract list of opened semaphores. Expected a Semaphore list, got '.implode(\PHP_EOL, $lines));
            }

            return \count(\array_slice($lines, ++$start));
        }

        $lines = explode(\PHP_EOL, trim(shell_exec('LC_ALL=C ipcs -su')));
        if ('------ Semaphore Status --------' !== $lines[0]) {
            throw new \Exception('Failed to extract list of opened semaphores. Expected a Semaphore status, got '.implode(\PHP_EOL, $lines));
        }
        [

continue;
        } elseif ( ! empty( $value ) && is_string( $value ) && (
            ( '{' === $value[0] && '}' === $value[ strlen( $value ) - 1 ] ) ||
            ( '[' === $value[0] && ']' === $value[ strlen( $value ) - 1 ] ) ||
            preg_match( '/^\(?function ?\(/', $value ) ) ) {
            $init_obj .= $key . ':' . $value . ',';
            continue;
        }
        $init_obj .= $key . ':"' . $value . '",';
    }

    $init_obj = '{' . trim( $init_obj, ' ,' ) . '}';

    $script = 'window.wpEditorL10n = { tinymce: { baseURL: ' . wp_json_encode( includes_url( 'js/tinymce' ) ) . ', suffix: ' . ( SCRIPT_DEBUG ? '""' : '".min"' ) . ', settings: ' . $init_obj . ', } }';

    $wp_scripts->add_inline_script( 'wp-block-library', $script, 'before' );
}

/** * Gets a WP_Style_Engine_CSS_Rule object by its selector. * If the rule does not exist, it will be created. * * @since 6.1.0 * * @param string $selector The CSS selector. * @return WP_Style_Engine_CSS_Rule|void Returns a WP_Style_Engine_CSS_Rule object, * or void if the selector is empty. */
    public function add_rule( $selector ) {
        $selector = trim( $selector );

        // Bail early if there is no selector.         if ( empty( $selector ) ) {
            return;
        }

        // Create the rule if it doesn't exist.         if ( empty( $this->rules[ $selector ] ) ) {
            $this->rules[ $selector ] = new WP_Style_Engine_CSS_Rule( $selector );
        }

    public function get_field_id( $field_name ) {
        $field_name = str_replace( array( '[]', '[', ']' ), array( '', '-', '' ), $field_name );
        $field_name = trim( $field_name, '-' );

        return 'widget-' . $this->id_base . '-' . $this->number . '-' . $field_name;
    }

    /** * Register all widget instances of this widget class. * * @since 2.8.0 */
    public function _register() {
        $settings = $this->get_settings();

    protected function prepare_item_for_database( $request ) {
        $prepared_comment = array();

        /* * Allow the comment_content to be set via the 'content' or * the 'content.raw' properties of the Request object. */
        if ( isset( $request['content'] ) && is_string( $request['content'] ) ) {
            $prepared_comment['comment_content'] = trim( $request['content'] );
        } elseif ( isset( $request['content']['raw'] ) && is_string( $request['content']['raw'] ) ) {
            $prepared_comment['comment_content'] = trim( $request['content']['raw'] );
        }

        if ( isset( $request['post'] ) ) {
            $prepared_comment['comment_post_ID'] = (int) $request['post'];
        }

        if ( isset( $request['parent'] ) ) {
            $prepared_comment['comment_parent'] = $request['parent'];
        }

// Set the timeout to a value that allows debugging.     $process->setTimeout(500);
    $process->run();

    $this->assertSame(0, $process->getExitCode());
    $result = json_decode($process->getOutput(), TRUE);
    $db_prefix = $result['db_prefix'];
    $this->assertStringStartsWith('simpletest' . substr($db_prefix, 4) . ':', $result['user_agent']);

    $http_client = new Client();
    $request = (new Request('GET', getenv('SIMPLETEST_BASE_URL') . '/test-page'))
      ->withHeader('User-Agent', trim($result['user_agent']));

    $response = $http_client->send($request);
    // Ensure the test_page_test module got installed.     $this->assertStringContainsString('Test page | Drupal', (string) $response->getBody());

    // Ensure that there are files and database tables for the tear down command     // to clean up.     $key = $this->addTestDatabase($db_prefix);
    $this->assertGreaterThan(0, count(Database::getConnection('default', $key)->schema()->findTables('%')));
    $test_database = new TestDatabase($db_prefix);
    $test_file = $this->root . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $test_database->getTestSitePath() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . '.htkey';

// Test Mini Pager.     $this->getPreviewAJAX('test_mini_pager_ajax', 'default', 3);

    // Test that the pager is present and rendered.     $elements = $this->xpath('//ul[contains(@class, "pager__items")]/li');
    $this->assertNotEmpty($elements);

    // Verify elements and links to pages.     // We expect to find current pages element with no link, next page element     // with a link, and not to find previous page element.     $this->assertEquals('Page 1', trim($elements[0]->getHtml()), 'Element for current page is not a link.');

    $next_page_link = $elements[1]->find('css', 'a');
    $this->assertNotEmpty($next_page_link, 'Link to next page found.');
    $this->assertEquals('Go to next page', $next_page_link->getAttribute('title'));

    // Navigate to next page.     $this->clickPreviewLinkAJAX($next_page_link, 3);

    // Test that the pager is present and rendered.     $elements = $this->xpath('//ul[contains(@class, "pager__items")]/li');
    $this->assertNotEmpty($elements);

$response->headers->set('X-Content-Type-Options', 'nosniff');
        $response->headers->set('Referrer-Policy', 'strict-origin-when-cross-origin');

        $cspTemplate = $this->cspTemplates['default'] ?? '';

        $scopes = $event->getRequest()->attributes->get(PlatformRequest::ATTRIBUTE_ROUTE_SCOPE, []);

        foreach ($scopes as $scope) {
            $cspTemplate = $this->cspTemplates[$scope] ?? $cspTemplate;
        }

        $cspTemplate = trim($cspTemplate);
        if ($cspTemplate !== '' && !$response->headers->has('Content-Security-Policy')) {
            $nonce = $event->getRequest()->attributes->get(PlatformRequest::ATTRIBUTE_CSP_NONCE);

            if (\is_string($nonce)) {
                $csp = str_replace('%nonce%', $nonce, $cspTemplate);
                $csp = str_replace(["\n", "\r"], ' ', $csp);
                $response->headers->set('Content-Security-Policy', $csp);
            }
        }
    }
}

$num_links = apply_filters( 'comment_max_links_url', $num_links, $url, $comment );

        /* * If the number of links in the comment exceeds the allowed amount, * fail the check by returning false. */
        if ( $num_links >= $max_links ) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    $mod_keys = trim( get_option( 'moderation_keys' ) );

    // If moderation 'keys' (keywords) are set, process them.     if ( ! empty( $mod_keys ) ) {
        $words = explode( "\n", $mod_keys );

        foreach ( (array) $words as $word ) {
            $word = trim( $word );

            // Skip empty lines.             if ( empty( $word ) ) {
                continue;
            }

    private function get_title( $html ) {
        $pattern = '#<title[^>]*>(.*?)<\s*/\s*title>#is';
        preg_match( $pattern, $html, $match_title );

        if ( empty( $match_title[1] ) || ! is_string( $match_title[1] ) ) {
            return '';
        }

        $title = trim( $match_title[1] );

        return $this->prepare_metadata_for_output( $title );
    }

    /** * Parses the site icon from the provided HTML. * * @since 5.9.0 * * @param string $html The HTML from the remote website at URL. * @param string $url The target website URL. * @return string The icon URI on success. Empty string if not found. */