hash_init - PHP code example

The php Function Hash_Init

The php function hash_init is used to initialize a hash context that can be used with other hash functions like hash_update() and hash_final(). This function has a number of different possible input parameters, which depend on the type of hash algorithm that is being used. It also has an optional raw output parameter, which if set to TRUE will return the hash in a raw binary form, rather than a lowercase hexadecimal value.

A password hashing algorithm is a powerful security measure that can prevent unauthorized users from accessing your site or database. When a user enters a password, the hashing algorithm transforms it into a complex sequence of characters that is nearly impossible for the unauthorized user to guess or brute force. This is one of the best ways to protect data against hackers.

Using a hashing algorithm to encrypt passwords is very simple in PHP. The bcrypt hashing algorithm is available in PHP and MySQL, and it is recommended for use in password storage. The bcrypt function has the added advantage of salt inclusion, which prevents dictionary attacks. This article will describe how to use the bcrypt hashing function in your application.

The fsync() and fdatasync() functions are new additions to PHP 8.1, and they have similarities to the fflush() function. They both flush buffers to the operating system, but unlike fflush(), they include metadata when synchronizing files’ changes. This allows them to take less time than fflush().

hash_init example

$this->expectExceptionMessageMatches('/Type ".*" is not instantiable\./');
        $expectedDump = $this->getDump($value);
        try {
            VarExporter::export($value);
        } finally {
            $this->assertDumpEquals(rtrim($expectedDump), $value);
        }
    }

    public static function provideFailingSerialization()
    {
        yield [hash_init('md5')];
        yield [new \ReflectionClass(\stdClass::class)];
        yield [(new \ReflectionFunction(function D): int {}))->getReturnType()];
        yield [new \ReflectionGenerator((function D) { yield 123; })())];
        yield [function D) {}];
        yield [function D) { yield 123; }];
        yield [new \SplFileInfo(__FILE__)];
        yield [$h = fopen(__FILE__, 'r')];
        yield [[$h]];

        $a = new class() {
        };

# az[0] &= 248;         # az[31] &= 63;         # az[31] |= 64;         $az[0] = self::intToChr(self::chrToInt($az[0]) & 248);
        $az[31] = self::intToChr((self::chrToInt($az[31]) & 63) | 64);

        # crypto_hash_sha512_init(&hs);         # crypto_hash_sha512_update(&hs, az + 32, 32);         # crypto_hash_sha512_update(&hs, m, mlen);         # crypto_hash_sha512_final(&hs, nonce);         $hs = hash_init('sha512');
        self::hash_update($hs, self::substr($az, 32, 32));
        self::hash_update($hs, $message);
        $nonceHash = hash_final($hs, true);

        # memmove(sig + 32, sk + 32, 32);         $pk = self::substr($sk, 32, 32);

        # sc_reduce(nonce);         # ge_scalarmult_base(&R, nonce);         # ge_p3_tobytes(sig, &R);         $nonce = self::sc_reduce($nonceHash) . self::substr($nonceHash, 32);

$fp = fopen($filePath, 'rb');
        if (!is_resource($fp)) {
            throw new SodiumException('Could not open input file for reading');
        }

        /** @var string $az */
        $az = hash('sha512', self::substr($secretKey, 0, 32), true);

        $az[0] = self::intToChr(self::chrToInt($az[0]) & 248);
        $az[31] = self::intToChr((self::chrToInt($az[31]) & 63) | 64);

        $hs = hash_init('sha512');
        self::hash_update($hs, self::substr($az, 32, 32));
        /** @var resource $hs */
        $hs = self::updateHashWithFile($hs, $fp, $size);

        /** @var string $nonceHash */
        $nonceHash = hash_final($hs, true);

        /** @var string $pk */
        $pk = self::substr($secretKey, 32, 32);

        /** @var string $nonce */

$exploded = explode(':', $header, 2);
        $name = strtolower(trim($exploded[0]));
        $value = str_replace("\r\n", '', $exploded[1]);
        $value = trim(preg_replace("/[ \t][ \t]+/", ' ', $value));

        return $name.':'.$value."\r\n";
    }

    private function hashBody(AbstractPart $body, string $bodyCanon, int $maxLength): array
    {
        $hash = hash_init('sha256');
        $relaxed = self::CANON_RELAXED === $bodyCanon;
        $currentLine = '';
        $emptyCounter = 0;
        $isSpaceSequence = false;
        $length = 0;
        foreach ($body->bodyToIterable() as $chunk) {
            $canon = '';
            for ($i = 0, $len = \strlen($chunk); $i < $len; ++$i) {
                switch ($chunk[$i]) {
                    case "\r":
                        break;

while ($class = $class->getParentClass());
    }

    private function computeHash(): string
    {
        try {
            $this->classReflector ??= new \ReflectionClass($this->className);
        } catch (\ReflectionException) {
            // the class does not exist anymore             return false;
        }
        $hash = hash_init('xxh128');

        foreach ($this->generateSignature($this->classReflector) as $info) {
            hash_update($hash, $info);
        }

        return hash_final($hash);
    }

    private function generateSignature(\ReflectionClass $class): iterable
    {
        $attributes = [];

# az[0] &= 248;         # az[31] &= 63;         # az[31] |= 64;         $az[0] = self::intToChr(self::chrToInt($az[0]) & 248);
        $az[31] = self::intToChr((self::chrToInt($az[31]) & 63) | 64);

        # crypto_hash_sha512_init(&hs);         # crypto_hash_sha512_update(&hs, az + 32, 32);         # crypto_hash_sha512_update(&hs, m, mlen);         # crypto_hash_sha512_final(&hs, nonce);         $hs = hash_init('sha512');
        hash_update($hs, self::substr($az, 32, 32));
        hash_update($hs, $message);
        $nonceHash = hash_final($hs, true);

        # memmove(sig + 32, sk + 32, 32);         $pk = self::substr($sk, 32, 32);

        # sc_reduce(nonce);         # ge_scalarmult_base(&R, nonce);         # ge_p3_tobytes(sig, &R);         $nonce = self::sc_reduce($nonceHash) . self::substr($nonceHash, 32);

if (!self::intValueSupported($end)) {
            return false;
        }
        if (!in_array($algorithm, array('md5', 'sha1'))) {
            throw new getid3_exception('Invalid algorithm ('.$algorithm.') in self::hash_data()');
        }

        $size = $end - $offset;

        $fp = fopen($file, 'rb');
        fseek($fp, $offset);
        $ctx = hash_init($algorithm);
        while ($size > 0) {
            $buffer = fread($fp, min($size, getID3::FREAD_BUFFER_SIZE));
            hash_update($ctx, $buffer);
            $size -= getID3::FREAD_BUFFER_SIZE;
        }
        $hash = hash_final($ctx);
        fclose($fp);

        return $hash;
    }

                    } while ($prefix !== $dirPath && $dirPath !== $normalizedPath = \dirname($dirPath));
                }
            })
            ->sortByName()
            ->in($prefix)
        ;
    }

    private function computeHash(): string
    {
        $hash = hash_init('xxh128');

        foreach ($this->getIterator() as $path => $info) {
            hash_update($hash, $path."\n");
        }

        return hash_final($hash);
    }

    private function expandGlob(string $pattern): array
    {
        $segments = preg_split('/\{([^{}]*+)\}/', $pattern, -1, \PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE);

    protected static function h2c_string_to_hash_sha256($hLen, $ctx, $msg)
    {
        $h = array_fill(0, $hLen, 0);
        $ctx_len = !is_null($ctx) ? self::strlen($ctx) : 0;
        if ($hLen > 0xff) {
            throw new SodiumException('Hash must be less than 256 bytes');
        }

        if ($ctx_len > 0xff) {
            $st = hash_init('sha256');
            self::hash_update($st, "H2C-OVERSIZE-DST-");
            self::hash_update($st, $ctx);
            $ctx = hash_final($st, true);
            $ctx_len = 32;
        }
        $t = array(0, $hLen, 0);
        $ux = str_repeat("\0", 64);
        $st = hash_init('sha256');
        self::hash_update($st, $ux);
        self::hash_update($st, $msg);
        self::hash_update($st, self::intArrayToString($t));

    }

    /** * Computes the secure hash for the provided user and expire time. * * @param int $expires The expiry time as a unix timestamp */
    public function computeSignatureHash(UserInterface $user, int $expires): string
    {
        $userIdentifier = $user->getUserIdentifier();
        $fieldsHash = hash_init('sha256');

        foreach ($this->signatureProperties as $property) {
            $value = $this->propertyAccessor->getValue($user, $property) ?? '';
            if ($value instanceof \DateTimeInterface) {
                $value = $value->format('c');
            }

            if (!\is_scalar($value) && !$value instanceof \Stringable) {
                throw new \InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('The property path "%s" on the user object "%s" must return a value that can be cast to a string, but "%s" was returned.', $property, $user::class, get_debug_type($value)));
            }
            hash_update($fieldsHash, ':'.base64_encode($value));
        }

    public static function hash(StreamInterface $stream, string $algo, bool $rawOutput = false): string
    {
        $pos = $stream->tell();

        if ($pos > 0) {
            $stream->rewind();
        }

        $ctx = hash_init($algo);
        while (!$stream->eof()) {
            hash_update($ctx, $stream->read(1048576));
        }

        $out = hash_final($ctx, $rawOutput);
        $stream->seek($pos);

        return $out;
    }

    /** * Clone and modify a request with the given changes. * * This method is useful for reducing the number of clones needed to mutate * a message. * * The changes can be one of: * - method: (string) Changes the HTTP method. * - set_headers: (array) Sets the given headers. * - remove_headers: (array) Remove the given headers. * - body: (mixed) Sets the given body. * - uri: (UriInterface) Set the URI. * - query: (string) Set the query string value of the URI. * - version: (string) Set the protocol version. * * @param RequestInterface $request Request to clone and modify. * @param array $changes Changes to apply. */